Sand-blast apparatus.



W. W. & W. G. SLY.

w. 0. SLY, ADMINISTRATOR or w. W. SLY, DEOZD.

SAND BLAST APPARATUS.

APPLICATION FILED 11017.15, 1.911.

Patented Nov. 10,1914.

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Wilfred C. Sly, AdminisTraTor of William W S! deceased, and WIlFYed C. Sly

a /M W W. W. & W. G. SLY. w. 0. SLY, ADMINISTRATOR or w. w. SLY. nno'n.

SAND BLAST APPARATUS. APPLICATION FILED NOV. 15, 1911.

m Patented N0v.10,1914.

3 SHEETS-SHEBT Z.

22775.55 -5 111 i 1 1,1 iiZZ/EZYZJIE- g I: If Wilfred (181g, AdminisTrafor of William W. 8/3, deceased, and

Wilfred (181g y #LM W. W, 82; W. G. SLY.

W. o. SLY, ADMINISTRATOR or w. w. SLY, 1mm.

SAND BLAST APPARATUS.

APPLICATION FILED NOV. 15, 1911.

Patented Nov. w, 191%.

3 SHEBTSSHEET 3 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

"WILLIAM W. SLY, DECEASED, LATE 0F CLEVELAND, OI-IIQQBY WILFRED G. SLY, A13- MINISTRATOR, 0F CLEVELAND, OHIO, AND WILFRED C. SLY, OF CLEVELAND, OHIO, ASSIGNOR TU THE W. W. SLY MANUFACTURING COMPANY, OF CLEVELAND, OHIO,

A CORPORATION OF OHIO.

EsAND-BLAST APPARATUS.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Nov. 10, 1914..

To all whom it may concern." v

Be it known that lVILLIAM W; SLY, deceased, and VVILFRED C. SLY, both of the city of Cleveland, in the county of Guyahog-a and State of Ohio, did jointly invent new and useful improvements in Sand- Blast Apparatus, and that the said WIL- The two methods heretofore most fre-.

quently employed have been the tumblingbarrel method and the Sand-blast method. in the former method the castings are placed in a revolving barrel, with or without the addition of slugs, billets, balls, or other striking devices, and rotated at a slow speed until the jarring and abrasion have scoured away the sand and scale and shut tel-ed it through apertures formed in the sides of the barrel. This method is slow and uneconomical. it subjects the castings to an unnecessary amount'of hard usage, and it is entirely ineilective for intricate, castings because of the impossibility of bringing the interior parts thereof to the action oi the hammering means. The sand blast method consists in the scouring of the castings by means of fine sharp sand blown violently thereagainst by a forceful current of air, and, while this method avoids all of the objections raised to the former.

method, it gives rise to new difficulties, which are, in their way, just as troublesome. (hie-t among these diiiiculties has been the injury to the lungs and nasal passages of the workmen caused by the extremely dusty condition oi? the air in the vicinity where this process is being carried on, since the sand even though originally of a rather uniform and material size becomes broken up by the impact into a fine dust and this taken in connection with the fine particles of scale and the slivers of metal eroded from the surface of the castings is extremely injurious. Furthermore the amount of sand which will be ejected in an hour by a sand blast nozzle is very considerableindeed and it has heretofore been difficult to collect the same and return it to a position where it can be used a. second time. Then, too, some method must be employed for separating from the sand the dust and scale so that only efficient grains will be delivered to the nonzle at the next operation.

The object of the present invention is the provision of an apparatus which shall ren der available the desirable and efi'icient features of both said processes, while avoiding the objections inherent in each, and to this end we have employed a combination of the two methods.

According to our invention we revolve the castings at a comparatively low speed in a modified form oiftnmbling barrel, while subjecting them to the action of a sand blast. The action of the tumbling barrel is to rotate and shift the castings so as to expose all sides thereof to the action'of the sand and at the same time to collect and deliver to a suction conduit the sand, dust and scale removed by the abrasion. This sand and dust is then returned to a separating chainber wherein the dust and small particles are removed and discharged while the sand is returned directly to the blast nozzle for second use.

Uni invention resides both in the process and in the apparatus by which this process is carried out and will be understood more thoroughly by reference to the drawings.acv ompanying andforming a part of this a plication wherein is illustrated one embo i ment of our improved sand blast apparatus, although it is to be understood that these drawings are illustrative merely and that our invention is not limited to the particular. construction disclosed herein.

In these drawings, Figure 1 is aside elevational View of a sand blast apparatus can till structed in accordance with our invention, a

portion of the separating chamber beingshown' in cross section; Fig. 2 is a front view of the tumbling barrel; Fig. 3 a longitudinal vertical cross sectional view taken through the center of said tumbling barrel-3 l ig. l a face view of the forward end of said barrel; 591g. 5, a detail cross sectional view taken along the broken line 5-5 of Fig. l;.E1g. 6 a view of the inner end of said tumbling barrel, the cover being removed and a portion.

of the conical bottom plate being broken away; and Fig. 7, a horizontal cross sectional view taken along the broken line ?7 of Fig. 1.

Describing the parts by reference characters, the tumbling barrelis represented at A, the separating chamber at ld andthe sand blast nozzle at The tumbling barrel consists ofja substantially cylindrical shell 1, having its lower end closed a centrally perforated plate 2, said plate having secured to its outer face the axial hub or trunnion 3, said hub being hollow and communicating with the interior of barrel through the perforation in the plate 2. The opposite end of the'shell is left open and adjacent to this open end is surrounded by a tire 4C. This tumbling barrel is rotatably supported in an inclined positionby a frame 5, the hub or trunnion being received m a sleeve 6 carriedby 'one part of said frame,

thetirefl bein engaged by a plurality or anti-friction rol ers 7 carried by another part of said rrarne. The inclination of the axis of the barrelis preferably between ands?) degrees. The rollers 7 are conveniently mounted upon a band 8 rigidly bolted to the frame and are preferably supported in slidable brackets 9 adjustable toward and from the center of the barrel by means of set screws 10, whereby they may be caused 19 barrel in alinernentwith the sleeve 6.

annular worm gear 12 and meshing gear is a worm 13 carried by a 31 l4 ournaled 1n bearings 15 secured to the rrarne 5 and hav ng a pulley 16 whereby it may be driven.

lligidly secured to an extension 5 of the is stationary head or closure member 20, said head making a close but nottight lit with the open end of the shell 1.

n "one part of said head 1s formed-with a debear equally against the tire 4 and to hold i lidlv secured, to the outer face of the plate more, two ports 22 are preferably employed, one above the other so that nozzles can be linserted into both simultaneously and the operation correspondingly expedited. Another portion eithe cover is formedwith an opening 23 adapted tor the reception of a .door 24 provided with perforations 25 for the admission of air, the inner face of this portion of the cover beingseparated from the interior of the barrel by a bafile plate 26 spaced from the cover by bosses 27. I The lower end of the-barrel is provided Wltll a perforated plate 28 spaced from the bottom a sufiicient distance to permit the free pas sage of air and sand. 7

Mountedin one orboth of the port holes 22 is a sand blast nozzle or gun wlilch may, within the scope of our invention take any known or approved shape, but which preferably is that disclosed in the apphca tion of William w. Sly filed April 1 ,1911, see No. 620,997

indicated at 30 and the air supplytube at 31. These tubes'are governed by valves m dicated generally at 30 and 31 which may be of the type illustrated in the said apph cation No. 620,997, or any other suitable type, and are here shown as provided with sprocket Wheels 30* and 31 respectively around which is passed a chain 32 having depending handles 33 by means of which the supply may be regulated. Sand is delivered to the valve 31 b means of a hopper 3i and the method 0 delivering sand to said hopper and returning thereto the sand e ect ed through said nozzle will now be de scribed.

Secured to the lower endoi the sleeve 6 hub 3, is a collector pipe having an up turned portion 41 connnunicatlng with t separating chamber 13. This chamber preferabl' takes the form of a substantially closec box oi'rectangular or otherconvenient shape having in its floor an aperture 42 communicating with the hopper 34 and of the pipe 41. At the opposite side of the aperture 42 from thewvall of the chamher is a partition 43 extending from s1de to side of the chamber and from the bottorn nearly to the top, whereby a sand box 15 divided oil from the rest of the chamber. The pipe 41 preferably communicates with the interior of the chamber ad acent to the top thereof and at right angles to the partition43, and parallel to this partition and between it and the pipefll ,1s 1ntrodu ced a baffle plate 4 running from side to side oi the chamber and extending downwardly a considerable distance toward the bottom eof so as to cause the sand-laden air entering thi eagle the pipe 41- to be directed The flexible conduit whereby sand is conveyed to thls no'zzleis and surrounding the discharge and of the.

preferably spaced directly beneath the end I the ports 22,

forcibly downward and then deflected violently u ward around the lower edge of this baille pl zite so that the inertia of the sand may tend to carry it to the bottom of the sand box and into the hopper 34. A second baiile plate is mounted upon the opposite side of the partition 13 so as again to deflect downwardly the air passing over the top of said partition.

Formed in the floor of the second compartment is an aperture 46 beneath which is secured a tunnel or hopper 4:7 communicating with a suitable discharge pipe 48. On the opposite side of the aperture 46 from the partition 43 is a partition 50 whereby the second compartment of the separating Cl1tI1n-' her is divided into a dust box 51 and air box communication between said dust box and air bolt being had through a plurality of vertical screens 53 set in serrate arrange ment above the aperture 46 as fully set forth and claimed in the patent to William W. Sly, granted Oct. 7, 1902, No. 710,624.

Communicating with the air box 52 is a pipe 55 connected with an exhaust fan (not shown.)

In the embodiment illustrated herein and particularly disclosed in Fig. 3, the horizontal position of the collecting plpe 40 taken in connection with the inclination of the hub 3 forms an angular aperture at their point of meeting, which is governed by a slide valve 60. The result is that sand and dustejected through the hub 3 will cascade across this aperture whereupon the air entering through said aperture under the influence oi the tan connected with the pipe 55 will pick up such sand and dust and transport it to the separator.

The operation of our device is as follows :-The door 24 of the closure member is removed and a suitable number of cast ings placed in the barrel after which the door is replaced. One or more sand-blast nozzles or guns being already in place in the barrel is rotated by means of the worm gear, and the sand and air blast turned on. The combined tumbling ot' the barrel and abrasion by the sand will scour the castings in a very eiiicient manner, as will be obvious, the spent sand, dust, and scale being discharged through the hub 3 and collector pipe 40 into the separating chamber as above described. A part of the air aspirated into the pipe 55 is deliveredby the nozzle itself, a portion enters the pipe 40 through the opening governed by the slide valve and the remainder is drawn through the perforations -25. lit is found that if the bafile plate 26 be omitted sufficient sand and dust rebounds from the surfaces of the castings and escapes through the perforations 25 to render the atmosphere in the vicinity of the barrel very unpleasant,

but that this batiie plate corrects this fault without materially affecting the admission, of air. Arrived in the separating chamber B, the air and sand are first thrown down wardly after which the air is sharply deflected upwardly around the baffle plate 14 whereupon the greater inertia of the unbroken sand will throw it downwardly into the hopper 34C ready for a second use while the finer particles of dust are carried into the dust box 51. Owing to the larger area and smaller velocity of air in this chamber some of this dust settles of its own accord into the hopper 46, while the remainder is caught upon the screens 53 so that the air finally passing through the pipe is dustt'ree. The deposited dust is discharged through the pipe 48. New sand to replace that broken up and lost is supplied directly to the barrel A as may be required and elevated to the sand box by the air in the suction pipe 40.

lit is obviously necessary to cover the bottom of the tumbling barrel with a perfo rated plate of some sort in order to preventsmall castings from passing into the hub 3. It has been found, however, that if a flat plate be used, the friction of the castings thereagainst combined with the suction of the air will frequently prevent the castings from rolling around in the barrel as they should, not only failing to become thoroughly exposed to the sand blast but also largely obstructing the'flow of air. In order to overcome this diiiiculty the plate is made conical as illustrated in Fig. 3, thus insuring the tumbling ot' the castings in the barrel.

While we have necessarily described our invention in detail, we do not propose to be limited to such details. except as the same may be positively included in the claims hereto annexed or may be rendered necessary by the prior state of the art.

Having thus described our invention, what we claim is: a

1. In a sand blast apparatus. the combination with a supporting frame, of a rotary receptacle journaled therein in an inclined position, said receptacle comprising a substantially cylindrical shell having a centrally perforated plate secured to its lower end and a hollow hub carried by said plate and forming a discharge spout, a perforated bottom plate extending substantially from one wall of said receptacle to the other and spaced inwardly from said first plate whereby castings and the like may be maintained out of contact with said first plate and sand and scale may be discharged thereon, and a sand blast nozzle supported by said :trame and arranged to discharge into said receptacle.

2. ln a sand blast apparatus, the combination of a substantially cylindrical receptacle rotatably mounted in an inclined position, a perforated plate traversing said receptacle adjacent to its lower end and serving in connection with the walls'of the receptacle to define a pocket for the reception of castings and the like, means for rotating said receptacle, and means for supplying sand under pressure into said receptacle and for directing the same into said pocket.

3. In a sand blast apparatus, the combination of a rotary receptacle, means supporting the same in an axially inclined position, a fixed cover for said receptacle having one or more openings for the application of a sand blast nozzle thereto, said cover being provided with an opening for the admission of air to the interior of the receptacle, and a perforated cover for said opening, said last cover being provided with a baffle plate spaced therefrom and adapted to project inwardly into the receptacle for the purpose of admitting air to said receptacle and preventing the sand from escaping.

4:. In a sand blast apparatus, the combination of a rotary receptacle, means supporting the same, a fixed closure member for one end of said receptacle having one or more openings for the application of a sand blast nozzle thereto, said closure member being perforated for the admission of air to the interior of the receptacle, said closure member being provided with a baffle plate spaced therefrom and adapted to project inwardly into the receptacle for the purpose of preventing the sand from escaping through the perforations.

In a sand blast apparatus, the combination of a rotary receptacle, means for supporting the same in an axially inclined position, an exhausting device connected with the lower portion .of said receptacle, means for discharging sand under pressure into said receptacle, and an air admitting device for the upper portion of the receptacle provided with means for preventing the passage of sand therethrough.

6. In a sand blast apparatus, the combination of a rotary receptacle mounted in an inclined position and having a central outlet hub at the lower end thereof, a perforated plate traversing said receptacle adjacent to such lower end, an exhaust conduit communicating with said hub, there being an air admission aperture opening into said exhaust conduit beneath said hub, means for rotating said receptacle, means for supplying sand laden air into said receptacle, and means for aspirating air through said exhaust conduit.

7 In a sand blast apparatus, the combination of a rotary receptacle, means for supporting the same, an exhausting device connected with the lower portion ofsaid receptacle, a non-rotatable closure member for one end of said receptacle, means for discharging sand under pressure into said receptacle through said closure member, and an air admitting device for said closure member provided with means for preventing the passa e of sand therethrough.

8. In a sand blast apparatus, the combination of a rotary receptacle, means supporting the same in an axially inclined position,

a hollow hub secured to the lower end of .said receptacle, the diameter of the hub being materially less than that of the receptacle; a perforated bottom for said receptacle inside of said hub and extending from side to side thereof, an exhausting device connected with said hub, and means for discharging sand under pressure into said receptacle.

9. In a sand blast apparatus, the combination of a rotary receptacle, means supporting the same in an axially inclined position. a perforated conical bottom traversing said receptacle, an exhausting device connected with the lower portion of said receptacle, and means for discharging sand under pressure into said receptacle.

1() In a sand blast apparatus, the combination, of a rotary receptacle, means for supporting said receptacle in an axially inclined position, a perforated conical plate secured across said receptacle with its apex turned toward the upper end of the receptacle, an exhaust conduit connected with the receptacle below said plate; and means for discharging sand under pressure into said receptacle.

11. In a sand blast apparatus, the combination of a rotary receptacle having an open end, means for supporting the same in a position other than horizontal, a perforated conical bottom plate traversing said receptacle adj acent to its lower end and having its apex presented upwardly, means for discharging sand under pressure into the upper end of said receptacle, and means for permitting the escape from said receptacle of the sand passing through said perforated plate.

I 12. In a sand blast apparatus, in combination, 'a rotatable receptacle having an open end, means for supporting said receptacle in an axially inclined position with the open end upward, a non-rotatable closure member for the open end of said receptacle, a part of said closure member being inclined toward the lower end of said receptacle,

and said inclined portion being formed with a port hole, a sand blast nozzle adapted to be received in said port hole and to discharge in the direction of the lower corner of said receptacle, and means for permitting the escape from the lower portion of said receptacle of the sand delivered thereto by said nozzle.

i iintee holes and to discharge in the direction of the lower side of the closed end of said receptacle, and means for permitting the escape from said closed end of the sand delivered thereto by said nozzle.

In testimony whereof, I hereunto am); my 15 signature as executor and as an individual.

WILLIAM W. SLY,

By WILFRED C. SLY,

Administrator.

VVILFRED C. SLY.

Witnesses BRENNAN B. WEST,

HAROLD S. SMITH. 

